The Government of India has implemented such a policy to combat the ever-increasing cybercrime of hacking, online fraud and data theft. With the growing popularity of digital transactions (i.e., online banking, online shopping, and mobile applications), attaining an online safe and secure environment is currently a vital need for both individuals and institutions. For this purpose the policy itself has stressed on Cyber Security skill training for the public and also the promotion of technology for offence, monitoring and quick response.

The Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code Rules, 2021 were introduced to regulate online content and ensure accountability of digital platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and online news and OTT platforms. These rules aim to protect users from harmful content, fake news, and online abuse while promoting transparency.

The Trade Marks Act, 1999 protects brand names, logos, slogans, and other marks that help people recognise products or services. If someone has a unique business name or logo, they can register it as a trademark to stop others from copying or misusing it. This law helps businesses build their identity and ensures that consumers are not misled by fake or similar-looking brands. A registered trademark owner has the legal right to sue anyone who uses their mark without permission.

The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 is a law that governs the sale and purchase of goods in India. It explains how a valid sale happens, what rights and duties both buyers and sellers have, and what can be done if something goes wrong with the sale. Under this Act, a sale happens when a seller transfers or agrees to transfer ownership of goods to the buyer for a price. It covers all kinds of goods—new or used—and applies to personal and business transactions.

The Patents Act, 1970 is the law that protects inventors in India. It allows people who create new and useful inventions (like machines, medicines, tools, or processes) to legally own and control how their invention is used for 20 years. This means no one else can make, sell, or use the invention without the inventor’s permission during that time.

This law deals with documents like cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange that are used for making payments. These instruments promise payment of money and are legally recognised. The Act ensures that when you give or receive these documents, there is a legal guarantee of payment. If someone issues a cheque and it bounces (due to lack of funds or other reasons), the law gives the receiver the right to take legal action. The Act helps make business and personal financial transactions more trustworthy and secure.

The Copyright Act, 1957 protects the original work of creators like authors, musicians, artists, filmmakers, and software developers in India. It gives them the legal right to control how their work is used by others—like copying, selling, broadcasting, or sharing it. Once a person creates something original and expresses it in a fixed form (like writing, recording, filming, coding, etc.), the copyright automatically exists. The law also ensures that others can't use the work without the creator’s permission.

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What it covers:

A bill of exchange is a written document where one person promises to pay a fixed amount of money to another person at a certain date or on demand. It works like an agreement between three parties — the person who makes the bill (drawer), the person who has to pay (drawee), and the person who will receive the money (payee). It is mostly used in business deals, especially when goods are bought on credit.

This law brings together many old labour laws to ensure that workers in India get social security benefits like pensions, health insurance, maternity support, and more. It covers both formal workers (in offices/factories) and unorganised workers (like gig workers, delivery agents, and construction workers).

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