The IT Act, 2000, is India’s main law to deal with cybercrimes, online transactions, and digital communication. It gives legal recognition to electronic records, digital signatures, and e-commerce.
It also defines and punishes cybercrimes like
- Hacking
- Identity theft
- Cyberstalking
- Sending offensive messages
- Data theft
- Online frauds
The law also empowers the government to block websites, monitor online activities, and set rules for social media, intermediaries, and data protection.
Information Technology Act, 2000 – FAQs
What is the IT Act, 2000?
It is India’s main law to handle cybercrimes, digital signatures, and online transactions.
Why was the IT Act created?
To give legal recognition to electronic records and to deal with crimes committed online.
What is a cybercrime under this law?
Any illegal activity using a computer or internet, like hacking, phishing, identity theft, etc.
Is hacking punishable under the IT Act?
Yes. Hacking is punishable with jail up to 3 years and/or a fine up to ₹5 lakh.
What is Section 66 of the IT Act?
It covers hacking, data theft, and misuse of computers to harm others.
What is Section 66A?
It earlier punished offensive messages sent online but was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015 for violating free speech.
Can I be jailed for a social media post?
Yes, but only if it includes threats, fake news, obscene content, or violates other active sections of law (not 66A).
What is Section 67?
It punishes publishing or sharing obscene content (like porn) online with up to 5 years of jail.
Does the Act apply to WhatsApp and Instagram misuse?
Yes. Online harassment, threats, and fake profiles on social media are covered.
What if someone steals my identity or creates a fake profile?
That’s called identity theft, punishable under Section 66C with up to 3 years in jail.
Can this law stop online frauds and scams?
Yes. Fraudulent websites, emails (phishing), or fake apps are punishable under the Act.
What is a digital signature?
It’s like an online version of your handwritten signature—used to sign e-documents legally.
Is email considered legal under this law?
Yes. Emails and electronic documents are legally valid and can be used in court.
What is Section 69 of the IT Act?
It allows the government to monitor or intercept data in the interest of national security.
Can websites be blocked under this Act?
Yes. The government can block access to websites that are harmful or illegal.
Is online bullying or blackmail covered?
Yes. Cyberbullying, threats, revenge porn, or online stalking are covered under different sections.
What is an intermediary?
Platforms like YouTube, Facebook, or Google that host user content but are not directly responsible unless they fail to act on complaints.
Are there rules for online companies and apps?
Yes. Intermediaries must follow rules to remove illegal content and protect user privacy.
What should I do if I’m a victim of cybercrime?
File a complaint at your nearest Cyber Crime Police Station or on the National Cyber Crime Portal (cybercrime.gov.in).
Is the IT Act enough to protect my data and privacy?
It offers some protection, but India is working on a new data protection law for stronger privacy rights.
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